1. Simple Present
(+) S + V1 (+es/s) e.g: Sun Rises from east (matahari terbit dari timur).
(-) S + Do/Does + not +V1 e.g: I don’t know where to go.
(?) Do/Does + not + S + V1? e.g: Do you speak English (apakah kamu berbahasa Inggris?)
Fungsi:
– Untuk menunjukkan kebenaran mutlak. seperti contoh nomor 1.
– Untuk menunjukkan pekerjaan rutin. e.g: I go to school everyday
2. Simple Past.
(+) S + V2 + O e.g: I went to school alone yesterday.
(-) S + did + not + Inf (V1) e.g: You didn’t tell that you took my money yesterday.
(?) Did + S + Inf (V1) e.g: Did you came home last year?
Fungsi:
Menunjukkan pekerjaan yang terjadi pada masa lampau, tanpa ingin menekankan bahwa ia sedang, atau telah selesai melakukan pekerjaan tsb.
3. Present Continuous.
(+) S + am/is/are + Ving e.g: I am going to your home tomorrow
(-) S + am/is/are + not + Ving e.g: I am not crying
(?) Am/is/are + S + Ving? e.g: Are you still waiting for some one?
Fungsi:
– Menunjukkan pekerjaan yang sedang berlangsung
– Menunjukkan Pekerjaan yang pasti dilakukan di masa yang akan datang (contoh nomor 1)
4. Past Continuous.
(+) S + was/were + Ving e.g: I was sleeping when you came.
(-) S + was/were + not + Ving e.g: You weren’t listening to me when I was singing
(?) Was/were + S + Ving e.g: Was she still reading while father called her?
Fungsi:
Untuk menunjukkan pekerjaan yang sedang terjadi pada masa lampau, ketika pekerjaan lain terjadi, baik pekerjaan lain itu menyela (seperti contoh nomor1) atau terjadi bersama-sama (seperti contoh nomor 2).
5. Present Perfect
(+) S + have/has + V3 e.g: Peter has gone just now.
(-) S + have/has + not + V3 e.g: I have not done my home work yet.
(?) Have/has + S + V3? e.g: Have you already taken a bath?
Fungsinya:
– Menunjukkan pekerjaan yang telah usai pada saat sekarang.
6. Present Perfect Continuous
(+) S + have/has + been + Ving e.g: It has been raining since at six o’clock
(-) S + have/has + not + been + Ving e.g:I haven’t been eating for whole day
(?) Have/has + S + been + Ving e.g: Has she been waiting for me for a long this time?
Fungsi:
– Untuk menunjukkan pekerjaan yang sudah terjadi dan masih ada kemungkinan terjadi sampai nanti.
7. Past Perfect.
(+) S + Had + V3 e.g: She had gone before you came
(-) S + Had + not + V3 e.g: I hadn’t already taken a bath when you visit me
(?) Had + S + V3 e.g: had you already graduated from senior high school last year?
Fungsi:
Untuk menunjukkan pekerjaan yang telah selesai ketika pekerjaan lain baru dimulai pada masa lampau.
8. Past Perfect Continuous.
(+) S + had + been + Ving e.g: Rooney had been playing football for 3 years till he decided to stop last year.
(-) S+had+not+been+Ving e.g: I had not learning English for a year at 2010
(?) had+S+been+Ving e.g: Had father been working at PT.Astra for 10 years last year?
Fungsi:
Untuk menunjukkan pekerjaan yang sudah terjadi pada masa lalu dan masih berlangsung hingga waktu tertentu pada masa lampau.
9. Simple Future.
(+) S + will + Inf (V1) e.g: I will always love you if you love me to
(-) S + will+ not + Inf (V1) e.g: I won’t let you go
(?) Will + S + Inf (V1) e.g: will you come to my party?
Fungsinya:
– Menunjukkan pekerjaan sederhana yang akan terjadi
– Untuk membuat Conditional Sentence type I.
Source: https://inggrisonline.com/rumus-dan-pengertian-16-tenses-dalam-bahasa-inggris-dan-contoh-kalimat/
